Design and psychometric validation of a holistic instrument for organizational diagnosis based on the DIO Model in micro, small and medium-sized enterprises
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35622/j.rg.2026.03.001Keywords:
Organizational change, evaluation, management, decision-makingAbstract
The objective of the research was to design and validate a holistic organizational diagnostic instrument for micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), based on the Organizational Diagnosis and Intervention (DIO) model. An instrumental study was conducted using a quantitative approach, a non-experimental design, and a cross-sectional timeframe. The instrument was structured around the model's formal and informal dimensions, and validation involved expert judgment, correlation analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and an assessment of internal consistency. The sample consisted of 210 employees from three MSMEs located in the state of Durango, Mexico, selected through non-probability convenience sampling. The validation process reduced an initial pool of 215 items to a final version of 64 items. Sampling adequacy was verified using the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure, yielding values of 0.614 for formal variables and 0.627 for informal variables; additionally, Bartlett's test of sphericity was significant in both cases (p < 0.001). Exploratory factor analysis identified seven components for formal variables and nine for informal variables, explaining 74.579% and 78.508% of the cumulative variance, respectively. Reliability analysis yielded Cronbach's alpha coefficients of 0.877 for formal variables, 0.932 for informal variables, and 0.946 for the instrument as a whole. It is concluded that the instrument demonstrates favorable evidence regarding content validity, internal structure, and reliability, making it a useful tool for organizational diagnosis in MSMEs.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Rosalío Tortolero, Ignacio Gómez, Geovani Figueroa (Autor/a)
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