Psychometric Evidence for the Measure of Causation and Effectuation in Brazilian Entrepreneurs
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35622/j.rep.2026.03.001Keywords:
factorial analysis, entrepreneurs, formulation, realization, validationAbstract
This study aimed to adapt and examine psychometric evidence for the Measure of Causation and Effectuation in the Brazilian entrepreneurial context. This methodological study, using a predominantly quantitative approach, was conducted in two stages: cultural adaptation of the instrument through expert evaluation and semantic analysis, and investigation of its psychometric properties in a sample of 315 entrepreneurs. Analyses were based on Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory. The two-factor solution showed a moderate fit (RMSEA = 0.070; CFI = 0.903; TLI = 0.832), with composite reliability of 0.617 for Formulation and 0.685 for Realization and replicability indices below the recommended threshold (H < 0.80). In the separate analyses, the unidimensional Formulation solution yielded CFI = 0.865 and TLI = 0.730, whereas the Realization solution yielded CFI = 0.948 and TLI = 0.869. Evidence of convergence was predominantly weak, with correlations ranging from −0.28 to 0.43. Overall, the results revealed limitations in internal consistency, unidimensionality, and factor replicability. The findings should be interpreted as initial evidence, indicating that the current operationalization of the measure still has limitations in representing the complexity of entrepreneurial decision-making logics and highlighting the need for further theoretical and psychometric refinement.
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