Instituto Universitario de Innovación Ciencia y Tecnología Inudi Perú
Incidence of the Glass of Milk Programme on the nutrition of children under three years of age, Bambamarca, Peru
Chronic malnutrition in early childhood represents one of the most critical public health challenges in rural areas of Peru, since the first three years of life are decisive for cognitive and physical development. In this regard, the present study aimed to evaluate the incidence of the food ration provided by the Glass of Milk Program (PVL) on the nutritional status of infants under 36 months of age in the city of Bambamarca, Cajamarca. A quantitative study was conducted, with a descriptive-correlational and cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 122 direct beneficiaries of the program. A critical prevalence of chronic malnutrition was identified (41.8%), contrasting with only 32% of children with normal nutritional status. Likewise, the coexistence of excess malnutrition (11.5% overweight) and mixed cases of malnutrition and overweight (7.4%) was detected. Regarding the composition of food assistance, 67.2% of the cases received the standard ration (milk and oats). As for household dietary habits, the consumption of predominantly energy-dense foods prevailed at breakfast (72.1%) and lunch (43.4%), showing a deficit in the intake of body-building foods (proteins). Consequently, the ration provided by the social program does not exert a statistically significant influence on improving the nutritional status of the population studied (p = 0.167). The findings suggest that state food assistance is insufficient on its own, possibly due to macronutritional imbalance within the family environment.
Copyright (c) 2026 Revista Acciones Médicas
Effectiveness of a mental health literacy program for adolescents in a Peruvian public educational institution
Mental health literacy in school settings is a key strategy that must be strengthened to improve understanding of psychological disorders and help-seeking behaviors in adolescence. Within this framework, the present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a mental health literacy program for students at a Peruvian public school. The research was conducted using a quantitative approach with a single-group, pre-experimental design (O1-X-O2). The sample consisted of 17 students aged 12 to 13, selected using non-probability convenience sampling. Inclusion criteria included voluntary participation, informed consent, and adequate understanding of the instrument. This program, called “Minds in Balance,” was implemented in seven weekly psychoeducational sessions designed to strengthen knowledge of mental disorders, risk factors and causes, self-treatment strategies, identification of professional help services, and attitudes toward seeking support. The Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS) was used for measurement. After verifying the absence of normality in the post-test data, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for inferential analysis. The results showed statistically significant differences between the pre-test and post-test in the overall literacy score (Z=-3,60; p < 0.001). Significant improvements were also recorded in five of the six dimensions assessed: Disorder recognition (Z=-3,417; p=0,001), risk factors and causes (Z=-3,446; p=0,001), self-treatment (Z=-3,256; p=0,001), available professional help (Z=-2,831; p=0,005), and attitudes toward seeking help (Z=-3,521; p=0,001). However, in the dimension of trust and access to information, statistically significant changes were observed (Z=-1,880; p= 0,060). These findings support the effectiveness of the program as a psychoeducational intervention in the school setting.
Self-medication with antibiotics among higher education students in Peru: a critical reading of practices and representations about health
Antibiotic self-medication constitutes a significant public health problem due to its contribution to antimicrobial resistance and the inappropriate use of these drugs. In the Peruvian university context, this practice has been normalized as a daily strategy to manage discomfort, conditioned by sociocultural and academic factors, as well as the perceived limited accessibility to healthcare services. The objective of the study was to critically analyze the practices and representations of antibiotic self-medication among higher education students, considering sociocultural, discursive, and educational factors that shape their understanding of health. A qualitative research study was conducted, grounded in the hermeneutic-critical paradigm, using an inductive method of a basic type, with a critical ethnographic-interpretative and cross-sectional design. The results show that self-medication emerges as a normalized and pragmatic practice, associated with both perceived autonomy regarding minor ailments and the accessibility of antibiotics and the pressure to maintain academic continuity. Consumption decisions are mainly supported by informal sources, while the pharmacy serves as a central space for rapid access. Although there is an incipient awareness of the risks, especially bacterial resistance, this awareness does not always translate into behavioral changes, showing unequal agency according to the level of training and access to information. It is concluded that antibiotic self-medication remains a common practice, highlighting a gap between biomedical knowledge and actual practices, which favors the reproduction of collective risks linked to antimicrobial resistance.
Antifungal effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of Tropaeolum majus L. against dermatophytes causing Tinea pedis
Superficial mycoses are common cutaneous infections, and tinea pedis is primarily associated with dermatophytes such as Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, and Epidermophyton floccosum. Although synthetic antifungals remain the standard treatment, recurrences, adverse effects, and reduced fungal susceptibility have prompted the evaluation of plant-based alternatives. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of Tropaeolum majus L. flowers on the in vitro growth of T. rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, and E. floccosum. A comparative experimental study was conducted. Five extracts were prepared by maceration using ethanol gradients of 65°, 70°, 80°, 85°, and 90%. Antifungal activity was determined by disk diffusion (Kirby–Bauer) and agar well diffusion methods, using clotrimazole as a positive control and distilled water as a negative control. The response was assessed by measuring the diameter of the inhibition halo and the absence of visible growth within the diffusion area. The results showed growth inhibition of the three species in all evaluated extracts, with concordance between both techniques and reproducible behavior across replicates. Overall, the findings support the therapeutic potential of T. majus as a source of bioactive compounds with possible application in the treatment of superficial mycoses and endorse its consideration as a complementary phytotherapeutic alternative in contexts aiming to reduce reliance on synthetic antifungals or address resistance and accessibility issues.
Educational inclusion in hospital classrooms: right to education in health contexts
Las aulas hospitalarias son espacios ubicados dentro de los hospitales que ofrecen educación a niños y adolescentes durante su hospitalización. Estas aulas tienen como objetivo proporcionar un entorno normalizado para brindar oportunidades de aprendizaje equitativas y accesibles para los pacientes en edad escolar, permitiéndoles continuar con su educación mientras reciben tratamiento médico, independientemente de sus capacidades, estado de salud o circunstancias individuales. Bajo este principio, la pedagogía hospitalaria debe concebirse como una estrategia de inclusión efectiva fundamentada en el derecho a la educación y no como un servicio compensatorio. En tal sentido, este ensayo sustentado en una revisión documental y síntesis argumentativa, se propone analizar los principios y fundamentos teóricos de la inclusión educativa en el contexto hospitalario, y reflexionar sobre las implicaciones pedagógicas y los criterios de actuación dentro del aula hospitalaria. El análisis concluye que la inclusión educativa en las aulas hospitalarias representa un desafío, pero también una oportunidad invaluable para garantizar el derecho a la educación de niños y adolescentes en situación de enfermedad.
Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Acciones Médicas
Bacteriological quality of water for human consumption and community perception in Lajas, Peru
The discrepancy between the bacteriological quality of water and community perception generates critical public health risks, given that mistrust or false public confidence conditions consumption. The objective was to determine the relationship between physicochemical parameters and the bacteriological load of water in Olmos-Lajas, Peru, using a quantitative, non-experimental approach; Samples were taken at four points on a monthly basis (January to June 2023), with 24 samples collected. Monitoring was carried out in accordance with the protocols of R.D. No. 160-2015/DIGESA/SA, and the samples were then sent to the Cajamarca Regional Water Laboratory. To assess perceptions of aesthetic parameters, a survey was conducted among 45 users of the system. The results were compared with D.S. No. 031-2010-SA-DIGESA, indicating that the water is systematically unfit for consumption, with thermotolerant coliforms exceeding the Maximum Permissible Limit (MPL), revealing a very strong positive correlation between bacterial load, pH and temperature. However, 93.3% of users perceive the water as crystal clear and acceptable, establishing a critical dissociation between the sanitary reality and perception. This gap is perpetuated by the total absence of monitoring (100% ignorance), which suppresses the informed oversight capacity of the Sanitation Services Administrative Board (JASS). It is concluded that there is an imminent health risk mediated by misinformation and technical vulnerability; therefore, urgent intervention is recommended to optimise treatment and establish a transparent bacteriological monitoring programme to raise risk awareness in the community.
Artificial intelligence in nursing practice: a systematic review
The incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) into nursing practice is transforming care processes, although challenges persist regarding staff training, trust in automated systems, and the protection of patient data. The objective of this systematic review was to analyze the applications of AI in nursing care and their implications for care quality. A search was conducted in the databases SciELO, Dialnet, ERIC, Redalyc, Elsevier, PubMed, and WorldWideScience, in English, Portuguese, and Spanish, including publications from 2019 to 2025. Studies lacking empirical evidence, duplicates, those unrelated to the nursing field, or published before the established period were excluded, resulting in a final sample of 25 articles. The results indicate that AI contributes to improving care delivery, supporting clinical decision-making, personalizing patient care, and enhancing nursing education, although ethical and security challenges were also identified. In conclusion, AI represents a valuable tool to optimize the quality and efficiency of care, provided its implementation is accompanied by continuous training, rigorous ethical standards, and acknowledgment of the importance of the human component in an increasingly dynamic and culturally diverse technological context.
Sexual behavior in adolescents: concepts, practices, and expectations
Sexual behavior during adolescence constitutes a complex phenomenon influenced by sociocultural and educational factors that shape the ways in which young people understand and practice their sexuality. Objective: To analyze the concepts, practices, and expectations surrounding the sexual behavior of adolescents in the municipality of Ramiriquí, Boyacá, Colombia. Method: A qualitative approach was employed, supported by a narrative topical design. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted with 40 students (20 females and 20 males) aged between 15 and 17 years, selected through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. Data analysis was performed using axial coding. Results: The main findings reveal that adolescents hold distorted ideas and notions regarding anatomy, corporeality, sexual relationships, the duration and expectations of sexual activity, orgasm, sexual and physical attractiveness, as well as aspects related to communication, emotional intimacy, and education. These misconceptions lead to insecurities, emotional distress, and risk-taking practices that deviate from healthy sexuality. Conclusions: This situation appears to be shaped by the lack of clear and accurate information on the subject, the influence of pornography, exposure to explicit content in mass media and social networks, the prevalence of sociocultural stereotypes, and peer pressure.
Prevalence of HIV, Hepatitis B, and C in a Public Hospital in Mexico
Blood donation in public hospitals may present certain risks related to infections such as Hepatitis B (HBV), C (HCV), and the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), which constitute a public health issue and, consequently, a critical factor in transfusion medicine. A retrospective descriptive methodology was employed to ensure that every individual evaluated as a blood donor at the ISSSTE Hospital could be screened for the potential prevalence of HBV, HCV, and HIV. Out of 6,841 selected cases, 19.14% were women, and 80.86% were men, with a prevalence of 0.29 for HIV, 0.11 for HBV, and 0.29 for HCV. The study concluded that this is likely because the population donating blood is generally healthy, and most donors are relatives of patients scheduled for surgery at the same hospital.
Copyright (c) 2024 Revista Acciones Médicas
Nutrition, physical activity, and academic performance in medical students: a systematic review
Introduction: Medical students face various factors that affect their academic performance and quality of life, such as diet and physical activity, whose impact is not always considered in the academic field. Objective: To describe, based on the available evidence, the relationship between nutrition, physical activity, and academic performance in medical students. Methodology: This is a systematic review based on PRISMA guidelines, including inclusion and exclusion criteria for the three variables analyzed. The information search was conducted in scientific databases such as PubMed, Elsevier, Scielo, Latindex, Google Scholar, LatinRev, Dialnet, NIH, and Redalyc, using language filters (English and Spanish). Results: It was determined that medical students frequently exhibit irregular eating habits, with low intake of fruits and vegetables and a high consumption of processed foods. Likewise, sedentary behavior is common, with variations in physical activity depending on gender. Additionally, it was found that nutrition and exercise impact cognitive ability, while poor sleep quality, stress, anxiety, socioeconomic and family factors, and unhealthy habits have a negative influence. Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of unhealthy eating habits and sedentary lifestyles among medical students globally. Nutritional interventions and education on physical activity, along with nutrition and dietary counseling programs, have a positive effect on knowledge and the adoption of healthy habits.
Lifestyles during the COVID-19 pandemic in students from a public university in Puno (Peru)
The research examined how the COVID-19 pandemic changed the lifestyles of students from the Faculty of Health Sciences at Universidad Nacional del Altiplano Puno - Peru. The research approach was quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive, and cross-sectional. It involved a convenience sample of 107 students using a questionnaire on lifestyle changes during the quarantine period. The results showed that the students experienced significant changes in their lifestyles. First, adjustments were observed in their eating habits, with an increase in the consumption of macronutrients such as proteins (chicken, legumes, milk, and its derivatives) and carbohydrates (potatoes and bread), as well as an increase in lipid intake (fried foods, margarine, and butter) and higher consumption of fruits and vegetables, indicating a rise in micronutrient intake. Second, physical activities significantly decreased, although the time dedicated to these activities increased for some students. Third, there was a decrease in alcohol and tobacco consumption. The COVID-19 pandemic has acted as a catalyst for lifestyle transformation, highlighting a shift in dietary patterns towards higher concentrations of certain foods. Interestingly, physical activity decreased significantly. Also, although alcohol and tobacco were not regularly consumed by all, those students who did consume them showed a notable reduction in their use.
Study on the level of knowledge of oral health among students at a Mexican university in Acapulco
Oral health is part of overall well-being; maintaining healthy teeth and gums is crucial for a healthy life. Promoting hygiene at an early age and making dental visits can ensure good oral health. This study assessed oral health knowledge among second-year high school students aged 16 to 18 at the Hippocrates University. A descriptive methodology with a quantitative approach was used, utilizing a questionnaire validated by 4 dental experts from the university. The questionnaire addressed five dimensions: demographic data (age and gender), frequency of dental visits, knowledge about foods affecting dental health, use of oral hygiene products, and general knowledge of oral health. 51% of the teenagers showed average knowledge, demonstrating a lack of awareness about proper oral hygiene care, while 26% demonstrated good knowledge, showing an understanding of dental care, reinforced by regular dental visits, and the remaining 23% exhibited poor knowledge, showing a lack of understanding in the improper use of oral hygiene products, especially concerning the benefits of fluoride. Given that overall learning levels are not as expected, it is crucial that the university intensify its efforts in oral health education, particularly focusing on improving understanding of the correct use of hygiene products and the importance of proper nutrition for dental health.
Prevalence of dengue risk factors in patients treated for Diabetes Mellitus at a hospital in Mexico
The spread of vector-borne diseases facilitates the connection between dengue and diabetes, with patients showing a predisposition to severe complications such as nephropathy, cardiovascular problems, altered coagulation, and thrombocytopenia, which are markedly manifest in them. This situation led to a study at the Naval Hospital in Acapulco, aimed at determining the level of dengue risk factors in diabetic patients; using a descriptive methodology, through simple random sampling, detailing information on results conducted on 100 patients; revealing that diabetics have a favorable predisposition to develop severe dengue, providing a basis for understanding the complex interaction between dengue and diabetes, in addition to highlighting the need to implement preventive and integrated management strategies. It is important to establish treatment and prevention protocols for diabetic individuals in risk environments, as well as to develop and apply specific preventive and management strategies to mitigate risks and improve their health conditions.
Approach to the characteristics and postpartum depression in postpartum women from the Peruvian highlands
Pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period are crucial moments that deeply impact family dynamics, encompassing fundamental aspects from a biopsychosocial perspective. The purpose of this study was to analyze how biological, psychological, and social characteristics are related to postpartum depression in women from the Peruvian highlands. A quantitative methodology with a cross-sectional and descriptive design was employed. The study population consisted of 179 postpartum women from the José Antonio Encinas Health Facility in Puno, Peru, of which 78 participated. Interviews were conducted as the data collection technique, utilizing interview guidelines and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. The results revealed that 53% of postpartum women experienced depression. Regarding biological characteristics, it was observed that those with more than six prenatal check-ups, without obstetric psychoprophylaxis sessions, eutocic births, a history of pregnancy-related pathologies, and no history of pathologies in the newborn, had a higher propensity for postpartum depression. Regarding psychological characteristics, family and partner support were associated with a lower incidence of depression. From a social perspective, women between 25 and 29 years old, with non-university higher education, cohabiting, homemakers, and first-time mothers with only one child showed a higher prevalence of postpartum depression. In conclusion, the importance of prenatal care, partner support, and consideration of age in the timely diagnosis and treatment of postpartum depression are highlighted.
Asymmetric extractions in orthodontic treatment: a clinical case
Dental extractions are common procedures in many orthodontic treatments. Typically, premolars are extracted from both sides, although asymmetric or unilateral extractions are less frequent. This article presents a clinical case in which an asymmetric extraction was performed on a patient with Class I malocclusion and severe crowding. The sectional technique with bends was applied to control movements and prevent deviations in the dental midline. The treatment results show improvement in both occlusal relationship and patient aesthetics, while maintaining vertical dimension and centered upper midline. In conclusion, the appropriate use of asymmetric extractions, combined with individualized and controlled mechanics for each patient, allows for effective treatment.
Exploring extreme burnout in public hospital resident physicians: identification and mitigation of risk factors through effective coping strategies
Burnout syndrome (BS) is a work-related concern that affects physicians, causing significant repercussions on mental health, quality of life, work performance, and service delivery. The aim of this study was to review the published scientific evidence on BS, its risk factors, and effective coping strategies in public hospital resident physicians. Using a qualitative approach, using the systematic literature review methodology, an exhaustive search of articles was conducted in various databases (SCOPUS, Google Scholar, Scielo, Dialnet, and Redalyc), finding 1165 articles. After a review process, 16 articles were selected that met specific inclusion criteria, such as being original research, related to the topic, complete, and in Spanish and English, with a time period of 2021 to 2023, repeated, incomplete, and restricted articles were discarded. The results reveal a high prevalence and consistency of BS in residents, affecting more than half, especially those in higher years. Emotional exhaustion is highlighted as the most affected sub-scale. Predisposing factors include high workload and academic load, exhausting shifts, and situations of abuse, mistreatment, and harassment. The need to implement measures at the individual, organizational, and policy levels is emphasized, which could be effective in preventing and managing BS. In conclusion, BS in resident physicians is attributed to chronic exposure to stressful factors, highlighting the importance of addressing this problem comprehensively in public hospitals through effective interventions.
Key factors to consider in the placement of dental resins in adults at Hospital Bernardo Sepúlveda, Mexico
The increasing demand from patients seeking aesthetic restorations underscores the importance of comparing standardized general parameters with the techniques employed by various dental professionals. This study specifically focused on the application of composite resins in filling 20 dental structures affected by grade 1 caries. The methodology adopted is descriptive-explanatory, supported by data collected from the literature and a structured questionnaire in accordance with NOM-004-SSA3-2012. Additionally, a detailed anamnesis was conducted for each patient with the purpose of integrating considerations regarding the preventive needs of asepsis and antisepsis in treatment. Contrasting the data reveals that nanotechnology is playing a significant role in the development of new dental biomaterials. It is crucial to consider specific factors, such as individual pathologies and elements that may interfere with the composite placement protocol. This comparative analysis between official parameters and current practices provides valuable insights into trends and advancements in the field of aesthetic restorations with composite resins.
Copyright (c) 2023 Anais Rodríguez-Pérez, Irma Baldovinos-Leyva, Erick García-Serna, Daniela Loyo-Salgado https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Relationship of e-learning on academic self-efficacy in early-cycle dentistry students
The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between e-learning and the academic self-efficacy of students in the early cycles. The study was a quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive, and prospective approach, with a non-experimental design of correlational scope. The sample consisted of 120 students enrolled in the first and second academic semester of 2022-I at the Professional School of Dentistry of the National University of the Altiplano (Puno - Peru), selected through simple random sampling. They were evaluated for learning achievement and administered two structured questionnaires. The first questionnaire assessed the electronic learning system through three dimensions: system quality, information quality, and service quality. The second questionnaire evaluated academic self-efficacy with two dimensions: satisfaction and benefits. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. The level of learning achievement was deemed acceptable in terms of academic performance and received good qualitative appreciation despite the survey indicating a low level of electronic learning system quality and a medium level of e-learning satisfaction. In conclusion, it was determined that there is no statistically significant relationship between e-learning and academic self-efficacy measured through learning achievement.
Copyright (c) 2023 Revista Acciones Médicas
Domains and self-care strategies of patients with type 2 diabetes: systematic review
Introduction: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a leading cause of global morbidity, chronic, irreversible, and leads to various complications. Objective: To analyze self-care among diabetic patients within primary healthcare. Methods: The research adopts an observational cross-sectional design, with documentary typology, employing a descriptive level using a qualitative systematic review methodology. MeSH terms included "strategies," "self-care," "diabetic patients," and "primary care," with filters from 2017 to 2022 and articles in English, Spanish, and Portuguese. Literature search utilized online databases such as MEDLINE/PubMed, Epistemonikos, and Scielo. Results: Analysis of self-care dimensions synthesized across diet, exercise, medication, foot care, glycemia, and emotions, described in 22 articles, revealed comprehensive and detailed management of dietary prescription. Additionally, strategies focus on health education to prevent complications, avert mortality, and address community needs through various modalities. Conclusions: The highlighted five domains address patterns contributing to diagnosed patients' health and individuals with risk factors. Strategies promoting self-care emphasize education and support, notably through telehealth as an innovative methodology.
Biofertilizers based on beneficial microorganisms and organic matter: a systematic review
Biofertilizers based on efficient microorganisms and organic matter are emerging as a promising element to curb the indiscriminate use of synthetic fertilizers. However, a deeper understanding of them is needed, along with knowledge of their effects on crops. Thus, the objective was to identify studies analyzing the importance of biofertilizers. Methodologically, the PRISMA guidelines were employed, with inclusion criteria covering studies from 2001 to 2023 related to biofertilizers, associated with biotechnology, and available in Open Access format. Databases such as Scielo, Scopus, Google Scholar, Redalyc, and Dialnet were utilized. As a result, 20 documents were retrieved and analyzed, categorizing them by publication year, country of origin, and study objective. The conclusion was that studies on the subject have seen a notable increase in recent years. Soil preservation is crucial for future food sustainability. Biofertilizers maintain soil health, and current technology allows for detailed research on the interaction of microorganisms with residues. Mexico and Peru are seeking sustainable alternatives, while in Cuba, Ecuador, and Costa Rica, governments support biofertilizer research, promoting their use and proper management of organic waste to enhance agricultural production.
Application of Case Study as teaching methodology in Nursing career
This article presents the results of a qualitative research that aimed to identify whether the teachers of the Nursing Career at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras (UNAH) employ the case study methodology in the teaching-learning process and how they do it. In that order, the technique used in the research was the interview, designing a script that was applied to a sample of 14 teachers selected by non-probabilistic sampling of intentional type, considering a criterion of heterogeneity according to the different regional centers where the Career is attended, with the aim of knowing their opinion on whether the disciplinary and pedagogical training, and the professional competencies they have are sufficient to implement this methodology in an effective way; it was also studied if they perceived that it was beneficial for their students’ learning and, finally, if there was good reception to formulate a proposal with methodological guidelines on the subject. According to the results, for the Nursing teachers, this methodology fosters critical thinking and problem solving in students; likewise, a good degree of willingness was found in the teachers to apply this methodology effectively and to train themselves on it, so they contemplate that a proposal with methodological guidelines would be very opportune. It is concluded that, the case study has a positive impact on teaching and learning, but requires that teachers have certain specific knowledge.
Copyright (c) 2023 Teresa Videa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Epidemiological characterization of adult patients treated at the Bello Horizonte Family Health Unit – Paraguay
The general objective of this article was to investigate the epidemiological profile, with a focus on arboviruses, of adult patients treated at the Unidade de Saúde da Família (USF) of Bello Horizonte, Ciudad del Este - Paraguay, in the first quarter of 2023. Based on this contribution , we traced the epidemiological profile of two adult patients treated in the months of January, February and March, decreasing the incidence of two cases of arboviroses and the main chronic pathologies presented at USF, giving importance to this study. As a methodology, I opted for a descriptive and cross-sectional investigation, with a focus on data collected in the field retrospectively and on the analysis of the proposed topic. Foram exposed the information contained in the records of the surveillance of arboviroses of the Unidade de Saúde da Família de Belo Horizonte. I conclude that the population of Belo Horizonte presents important variables in the records of the health process. Statistically, the numbers demonstrate the existence of a high prevalence of chronic pathologies and the increase in the incidence of epidemic pathologies in the period of the first quarter of 2023.
Copyright (c) 2023 Diana Duse Honorato de Farias, Gustavo Stock Medina da Silveira, Hilda Elizabeth Villalba Balmori, Mônica de Souza Lima, Relriana Pereira Barros, Rembrandt de Matos Esmeraldo Filho, Tamyres de Andrade Macedo; Yarla Marley Roberto Esmeraldo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The The Most frequent surgical and post-surgical complications in impacted teeth surgery
This article aimed to collect data on the most common surgical and post-surgical complications associated with retained tooth surgery. We present a range of concepts related to surgical complications and retained teeth, including indications and contraindications. The methodology for this literature review focused on authors who have addressed various surgical complications and their favorable and unfavorable outcomes. Finally, we detail the association between surgical complications and retained teeth, revealing that 13% of surgical patients experienced postoperative complications.
Copyright (c) 2023 Max Sucari, Edison Machaca, Tania Padilla https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Application of the ServPref Model in the outpatient department of the Family Medicine clinic of the Institute of Social Security and Social Services for State Workers in Tamaulipas, Mexico
The aim of this research was to assess the perceived quality of the outpatient department at the Family Medicine Clinic of the Mexican Institute of Social Security and Social Services for State Workers (ISSSTE) in Tampico, Tamaulipas, through the application of the ServPref model. We employed an observational, cross-sectional, and diagnostic approach with prolective data. A questionnaire consisting of 22 items on a scale from 1 to 7, along with sociodemographic data, was administered. Data collection was conducted remotely due to geographical constraints. A total of 167 beneficiaries were included, selected through systematic sampling. The results indicated that the perceived quality of care was satisfactory in relation to the statistical hypothesis. The dimensions of the instrument were evaluated, with reliability and safety receiving the highest ratings, while tangible elements received the lowest scores. These findings emphasize the need for continuous evaluations to enhance and develop healthcare programs. Given that this was the first assessment of its kind, there is an intention to implement an improvement program to address the identified areas of opportunity.
Copyright (c) 2023 Paola Victoria López-Estrada, Carlos Muñoz-Guarneros, Irma Pérez-Contreras, Lis Rosales-Báez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Antioxidant capacity and tannins of the highland plant Jinchu Jinchu (Usuchjata Gistapama): An In Vitro study
The purpose was to determine the antioxidant capacity and tannin content of the Jinchu Jinchu plant (Usuchjata gistapama), which is a highland plant that grows in the Puno region and is used in traditional medicine due to its healing properties. Methodology: The antioxidant capacity of Jinchu Jinchu was determined using the CUPRAC method, with the analysis conducted in three replicates, and the phenol content (tannic acid) was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteau method, which was performed in two replicates. Results: The results for antioxidant capacity are as follows: 120 mmol/kg Trolox, 12.77 mmol/kg Trolox, and 2.080 mmol Trolox. The results for tannic acid content correspond to 37.51 mmol/kg Trolox and 7545.46 mmol/kg Trolox. It is concluded that this plant is a rich source of antioxidants and tannins, making it a medicinal plant that should be incorporated and valued in traditional medicine.
Copyright (c) 2023 Amalia Quispe-Romero, Graciela Ticona-Tito, Adelaida Viza-Salas, Rosa Quispe-Tello, Sheyla Cervantes-Alagón https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Benefits of quality of life interventions for health professionals
In recent years the demands of healthcare organizations have shifted from fostering a human talent of a more operative nature to developing a worker who possesses a greater number of capabilities to be able to provide a more competitive response to their requests and in which quality of work life is fostered. The purpose of this study was to identify, through a systematic and meta-analytic review, the benefits of intervention programs on the perception of quality of work life in nursing personnel. A search for research was carried out in the databases Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, PubMed and Psychology Database, obtaining a total of 56 studies which, after applying the different criteria, left 5 studies for review and 2 for meta-analysis. The meta-analytic findings revealed a consistent estimate of the positive effect of interventions to improve quality of work life. In fact, in each of the dimensions (burnout, compassion fatigue and secondary traumatic stress) the heterogeneity was I² = 0% (p = .00). The above findings should be taken into account to ensure the quality of life of healthcare professionals. Consequently, this could promote an improvement in the quality of care and the achievement of desired institutional and personal results.
Copyright (c) 2023 José-Gabriel Soriano-Sánchez, David Jiménez-Vázquez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Importance of the participation of older adults in the evaluation of health services
Quality in health services is a right of users, therefore a holistic vision is required, focused on the individual and social well-being of the population. Being necessary a constant evaluation that must consider the sociodemographic characteristics of the population that it intends to serve. For this reason, given that there is a notable aging in the Mexican population, it is considered relevant to give importance to their participation in the evaluation of health services. Several studies highlight the disagreement on the part of older adults, regarding the treatment they receive by the personnel of health institutions. Not to mention the stigma attached to aging in Mexican culture, where the opinions and points of view of this population group lose relevance. Finally, it is concluded that the new guidelines dictated by International Organizations emphasize the importance of the participation of older adults in all social spheres, including them in the evaluation of the perception of the quality of the health services they receive will allow modifications to be made to improve the care they receive.
Copyright (c) 2023 Paola López-Estrada, Omar Muñoz-Guarneros https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Characterization of human papillomavirus genotypes in women attending the Comprehensive Care Unit for HIV and Chronic Infections of a Guatemalan hospital
HIV infection suppresses the immune system by increasing the risk of acquiring high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection, persistence, and ultimately development of cervical cancer. Objective: To characterize the HPV genotypes, describe the sociodemographic and epidemiological characteristics, and establish the association between HPV and clinical monitoring variables in HIV-positive women who attended the UAI-HR from March 2019 to August 2021. Method: Retrospective descriptive-cross-sectional study in 406 women with HIV. A non-probabilistic sampling of consecutive cases was carried out; the data were analyzed in the Jamovi software, by calculating frequencies and percentages for categorical variables and through contingency tables, using the chi-square test. Results: A frequency of HR-HPV genotypes of 36.95% (150/406) was found, with a predominance of other HR-HPVs (95, 76.0%). The age range that occurred the most (58, 39.5%) was 30 to 39 years. The highest frequency of positivity for HR-HPV genotypes was in patients with counts greater than 500 cells/µL (30.6%, 66) and with undetectable HIV viral loads (28.3%, 53). Conclusion: The frequency of HR-HPV genotypes shows the importance of screening for it in patients recently diagnosed with HIV, as well as the periodic search for HPV in all women who are negative in their first test.
Copyright (c) 2023 Rocío Pereira, Jessenia Navas-Castillo, Ana Samayoa-Bran https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Dental intrusion in deciduous dentition. Report of a clinical case
Injuries such as dental dislocations are frequent in children, since these are the result of traumatisms that could occur, accompanied on many occasions by dental intrusion which may or may not affect the permanent dental germ, these must be treated quickly and in the most atraumatic and conservative as possible, based on its degree of severity, in order to avoid possible sequelae. A 2-year-old male patient who comes to a private practice due to trauma in the upper anterior dental region is described. On examination, little visibility of the dental piece is observed 5.1. Based on the clinical examination, inflammation is seen in the area, as well as a slight rotation of the dental piece; the radiographic examination does not show damage to the permanent tooth germ. A pharmacological treatment was carried out and the dental re-eruption itself was awaited, after a follow-up for 3 weeks no sequelae were observed. The patient presented an uneventful evolution, timely treatment was essential for a good prognosis.
Copyright (c) 2023 Tania Padilla-Cáceres, Bryans Granda-Rivera, Jimy Peralta-Choque, Lizbeth Acero-Condori https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Criminal behaviors in social networks and its incidence in young people: preliminary review of the literature
The article is based on the need to systematize studies on cyberbullying of young people and adolescents through social networks. The scope of the research is exploratory and the objective was to carry out a literature review to determine the main trends on this social and criminal fact. The methodology was organized by search strategy in the Redalyc, Latindex, DOAJ and ERIH PLUS databases, with a temporal closure of 15 years (2007-2022). The sample analyzed was 25 papers under the established inclusion criteria. The established categories were: harassment in social networks; non-consensual pornographic content, sexting, grooming or training; and hate speech. The results show an increase in these practices in recent years as a consequence of the proliferation of time spent on the Internet by young people and adolescents, the advancement of information and communication technologies (ICTs) and the refinement of criminal practices to bypass controls. Above all, this has a high impact on populations of young people and vulnerable adolescents.
Copyright (c) 2023 Christian Monge-Olivarría, Juan Guerra-Corrales, Fernando Bringas-Castro https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0